On Canadian Ground - Stories of Footwear in Early Canada See more of the Virtual Museum of Canada
ExhibitionMemorable Shoes

KAMIKS OF THE INUIT
HUNTING SEAL & CARIBOU
PROTECTIVE CLOTHING OF SEAL SKIN & CARIBOU SKIN
PROTECTIVE LAYERS OF FOOTWEAR
MAKING KAMIKS
PATTERNS & STYLES
DECORATING KAMIKS
SEWING & DECORATING TECHNIQUES
MOCCASINS OF THE FIRST NATIONS
CHANGING STYLES - THE ROLE OF TRADE & VOYAGEURS
SHOES FOR A NEW LAND
SHOES MADE IN THE AGE OF THE CRAFTSMAN
CANADIAN FOOTWEAR IN THE AGE OF THE MACHINE
Qapik Attagutsiak, Arctic Bay, 1984
Qapik Attagutsiak, Arctic Bay, 1984
Boots Made of Animal Skins

The Inuit - one of Canada's aboriginal peoples - developed footwear in adaptation to the natural environment of the Arctic by utilizing the inherent characteristics of materials from animals. Seal and caribou provide sinew and skins to make clothing and footwear. Even today traditional, hand-made, Inuit boots known as 'kamiks' are essential for survival in the extreme cold of the Arctic.

“We hunt caribou on the coast or inland, depending on the season. There are lots of harp seals migrating along the rocky Labrador coast. We use the skins in our kamiks.”
Beatrice Watts, North West River, 1995

“Seals are used for food, clothing, and tools. Their blubber was burned for light and heat. We show respect to the spirit of the seal by offering dead seals a drink of water.”
Qapik Attagutsiak, Arctic Bay, 1984

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