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After the occupation of Poland, the Nazis established extermination camps, where gas was used to murder victims. One camp, Auschwitz-Birkenau, was a complex that included a concentration camp, a labour camp and an extermination camp. At Auschwitz, most children were selected for death immediately upon arrival. Only those who appeared older, stronger and capable of slave labour had any hope of survival. 
Auschwitz-Birkenau
First established as a Nazi concentration camp in 1940 at Oswiecim, Poland primarily for Polish prisoners. In 1942 it was expanded to include the extermination camp-Birkenau (Auschwitz II) and the labour camp-Buna-Monowitz (Auschwitz III). Surrounded by numerous sub camps, it grew to become the largest of all the Nazi concentration camps. Approximately 1.1 to 1.6 million Jews and 100,000 other victims were murdered or died at Auschwitz. At liberation, only 7600 prisoners — those not forced on death marches — were found alive.